I was born in St. Louis in 1957, grew up in Sacramento, receiving my BA from the University of California, Davis, where I studied with Robert Arneson and Wayne  Thiebaud.  After graduation I focused on performance, joining the Royal Lichtenstein ¼ Ring Circus for a yearlong, 41 state, 200-performance tour. Resettling in Oakland, I returned to painting, working in a representational style inspired by the work of Philip Guston.  

My approach to painting changed when, after moving to New York in 1986, I found a book of Braille paper on the street. At first only the vigorous textures of the paper caught my eye, but I quickly became fascinated with the textual as well as the textural potential of my materials. For more than a decade I used Braille paper to create abstractions that  simultaneously connote harmony and contradiction by balancing the immediacy of sight with the tactility of touch.  More recently, my paintings construct intricate compositions based on the diverse beauty of natural patterns and systems.  

My work has been widely exhibited nationally and abroad. Museum collections include the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Hirshhorn Museum of Art, National Museum of American Art, and Weatherspoon Museum. I have received fellowships from the National Endowment for the Arts, Joan Mitchell Foundation, and Cultural Arts Council of Houston and Harris County. In 1996 I spent 6 months working in Paris on a Cité Internationale des Arts Residency.

I am also an art critic, curator, and teacher. My criticism and social commentaries have appeared in The Brooklyn Rail, ARTnews, Flash Art, Art Papers, The Journal of Art, and have authored or contributed essays to numerous monographs and exhibition catalogues. I am a past president of the United States chapter of the International Association of Art Critics (AICA), and currently live and works in Santa Rosa, California.